Microwave-assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization for Solid Biofuel Application: A Brief Review

Carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions have been a known threat globally. One of the significant contributors to this issue is coal usage in power generation industry. Hydro-thermal carbonization (HTC) considered one alternative methods for producing hydrochar replace coal. Moreover, application microwave heating HTC process demand due its advantageous characteristics such as rapid selective heating. This paper reviews microwave-assisted (MAHTC) an solid biofuel with emphasis on lignocellulosic biomass feedstock it abundant nature, influence parameters quality kinetic models hydrochar. Lastly, challenges during scale-up design especially terms technical, economic environment are discussed. review would provide comprehensive overview MAHTC, which positioning way forward energy sector.